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ADHD Treatment Medication Stimulants, which are the most commonly prescribed medication for ADHD, appear to regulate brain chemicals and increase their levels. They are not able to solve the problem and can only treat symptoms if they are taken regularly. The side effects of ADHD medication can include changes in blood pressure and heart rate and stomach upset as well as anxiety and tics. Children and teens who take stimulant medications have a slight decrease in their growth rate. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate is a stimulant for the central nervous system and the most commonly prescribed medication for ADHD. It is available in a variety of forms, such as a liquid chewable tablet, an orally disintegrating tablet that acts long, and a pill with extended release. The drug increases the levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain, helping to improve focus. It can also help reduce the symptoms of anxiety and depression. When used in conjunction with other treatments such as behavioral therapy, methylphenidate can be a very effective treatment for ADHD. Methylphenidate blocks the transporters that remove these neurotransmitters from the brain. The drug may cause an increase in heart rate or blood pressure. People who suffer from diabetes should be cautious when taking this medication because it can cause an abrupt rise in blood sugar. Talk to your doctor when you have any of these symptoms. Methylphenidate is also known to cause a condition called Raynaud's phenomenon, which causes numbness and pain in the toes and fingers. This is a rare but serious side effect. It is crucial to notify your doctor if any of these symptoms are observed. There are some who believe that methylphenidate could slow children's growth. However it hasn't been proved. If you have a child being treated with methylphenidate ensure that you monitor the child's weight and height carefully. If your child is taking chewable tablets of methylphenidate that contains phenylalanine which can be dangerous for children who have the genetic disorder phenylketonuria (PKU). Consult your physician about a different formulation of methylphenidate when you suffer from PKU. Stimulants are the most popular treatment for ADHD However, some people have trouble with these medications. In these instances doctors might prescribe other medications that work similarly. Besides methylphenidate, there are other stimulants, such as dexamfetamine and lisdexamfetamine. These drugs are a little stronger than methylphenidate and can last longer. They are usually taken between two and three times daily, but some people can take them more often. Psychological treatments are also available for treating ADHD, but they are less likely to prove helpful than a stimulant. Atomoxetine Atomoxetine, also known by the brand name Strattera, is a non-stimulant ADHD medication that increases concentration and decreases hyperactivity and impulsiveness. It's part of a group of drugs known as selective norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitors. It works by boosting levels of dopamine and norepinephrine, two chemical messengers that regulate the brain's activity. It is a popular choice for children and adults who want a different type of medication than stimulants, such as Adderall and Vyvanse. It is important to know that atomoxetine does not work immediately. It could take up to six weeks before the effects of this drug become apparent. Additionally, you could be afflicted by side effects such as reduced appetite, drowsiness and stomach upset. For the majority of patients the advantages of taking atomoxetine far outweigh any risk. The effectiveness of atomoxetine was verified in a double-blind, multisite placebo-controlled study with 297 ADHD patients ages 12 to 18. The participants were randomly assigned to receive atomoxetine at a daily dose of 0.6 mg per kilogram or 1.2 mg/kg or a placebo over 9 weeks. In both atomoxetine as well as placebo groups, symptoms of depression were less. The atomoxetine group experienced more improvements in ADHD symptoms than the placebo group. The improvement was sporadic. In a second open trial that included 10 ADHD patients who did not respond to stimulants received atomoxetine treatment for 8 weeks. The atomoxetine group demonstrated improved ADHD symptoms compared to the placebo group and scores on the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale Investigator Rated Screening version and Clinical Global Impressions of Severity scale gaining significant. One patient however, experienced an rash and resigned from the study. In addition, three patients reported transient gastrointestinal disturbances and one experienced increased fatigue (Kratochvil and co., 2005). Talk to your doctor prior to you start treatment with atomoxetine. Discuss your health history, including any medications or supplements you take. This includes herbal remedies as well as prescription medicines. It is especially important to inform your doctor if you have narrow-angle glaucoma, a thyroid tumor or adrenal gland tumor, high blood pressure, heart disease, or a history of sudden death. It is also recommended to avoid atomoxetine if you have taken an MAO inhibitor, such as isocarboxazid, linezolid or methylene blue injection rasagiline, phenelzine or tranylcypromine, in the past 14 days. Bupropion Bupropion, a non-stimulant drug that is a non-stimulant, can aid in reducing ADHD symptoms. It also helps reduce impulsivity and boost focus, though it doesn't affect the brain in the same way as stimulants. Only prescriptions are accepted. Your doctor will decide on the most effective dosage for you. Bupropion is available in capsules and tablets. It is essential to take the medication exactly as directed. You might experience withdrawal symptoms when you stop abruptly. The typical dosage is two or three doses per day divided by 4-6 hours. The dosage can range between 100mg and three times per day up to 150mg three or four times every day. The drug is absorbed into the digestive tract, and then excreted into urine, which means that it isn't able to enter breast milk. However, it can be absorbed into the bloodstream and cause harm to other organs. Bupropion raises blood pressure. It is essential to monitor it regularly. In addition to improving the symptoms of ADHD Bupropion can also reduce depression. It can also be used to treat bipolar disorder. It is a method of blocking dopamine receptors inside your brain. This prevents the neurotransmitter dopamine from entering your brain, which can help stabilize mood. Bupropion can interact with other drugs, so it's important to inform your doctor of any other medications you're taking. It's also important to determine if you have any allergies. Avoid best adhd medication for adults uk and other stimulants as they can cause side effects to become worse. Numerous studies have examined the effects of bupropion versus placebos in adults with ADHD. These studies yielded mixed results and were poorly conducted. Furthermore, many of them excluded participants with psychiatric comorbidity. However, the research suggests that bupropion has a modest impact on ADHD. More research is required to determine positive outcomes for patients, including an improvement in quality of living. Additionally, a more precise understanding of the molecular subtypes of ADHD is required before effective treatment can be developed. This requires a deeper understanding of the connection between molecular pathways. Moreover, it's critical to know how various anti-ADHD agents work in combination with psychotherapy. Tricyclic antidepressants Antidepressants may be prescribed by doctors when stimulants prescribed for children suffering from ADHD are not effective or cause adverse side negative effects. These drugs, which include imipramine and nortriptyline (Aventyl, Pamelor), help by increasing the neurotransmitters norepinephrine as well as dopamine in the brain, which aid in concentration. These are old drugs which can cause serious side effects, so they're usually tried only after other medications have failed. The first choice for antidepressants in depression is usually an inhibitor of serotonin reuptake (SSRI) such as fluoxetine, sertraline, or citalopram. However, tricyclic antidepressants, that have been in use for decades, may still be utilized in certain instances. They also work in treating neuropathic pain and have a second pain-relieving action that is separate from their antidepressant activity. They potentiate noradrenephrine by inhibiting its reuptake and also act as descending modulators of pain pathways in the spinal cord. SSRIs have less risk of toxicity and less serious side effects than tricyclic antidepressants. They're also safer during pregnancy and aren't teratogenic in animals or humans. But they can have significant withdrawal symptoms if abruptly stopped. To minimize these side effects, your doctor may suggest reducing the dose gradually over a period of time. Bupropion, a common antidepressant that is prescribed off-label for treating ADHD, is not FDA approved as an adhd drug. It is believed to be effective by increasing neurotransmitters like norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain, which increases concentration. It is also known to reduce anxiety and stress. It can be combined with stimulants to produce more rapid and lasting results. There are no FDA-approved non-stimulant ADHD medications, but many people find relief from herbal remedies and dietary supplements. A diet that is low in fat and sugar may aid in reducing ADHD symptoms. Also, avoiding caffeine can be beneficial for some. It is essential to inform your doctor about all medications you or your child takes, including over-the-counter medications and herbal remedies. This will prevent interactions and minimize unwanted adverse effects. ADHD medication can affect people differently. It may take some trial and error to discover the ideal dosage and drug for your child or yourself.